3D-Fl\u00e4chen sind die einfachsten renderbaren Objekte, haben aber Grenzen: Sie lassen sich nicht in Schnitten darstellen und bieten wenig M\u00f6glichkeiten zur Formver\u00e4nderung. Volumenk\u00f6rper l\u00f6sen beide Probleme. In diesem Tutorial lernst du, wie du aus flachen Konturen massive 3D-Objekte erzeugst.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Die Extrusion ist das am h\u00e4ufigsten verwendete Werkzeug zur Erzeugung von Volumenk\u00f6rpern. Du nimmst eine geschlossene 2D-Kontur (z.B. eine Polylinie oder einen Kreis) und ziehst sie in die H\u00f6he. Den Befehl findest du in der Multifunktionsleiste Start in der Gruppe Modellieren (daf\u00fcr musst du in den Arbeitsbereich 3D-Modellierung wechseln).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
So gehst du vor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Das Ergebnis ist ein massiver K\u00f6rper, der geschnitten, kombiniert und weiter bearbeitet werden kann.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
W\u00e4hrend die Extrusion ein Profil senkrecht nach oben zieht, f\u00fchrt Sweep ein Profil entlang eines beliebigen Pfads. Das ist ideal f\u00fcr Rohrleitungen, Kabelkan\u00e4le oder \u00e4hnliche Objekte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ein typisches Beispiel:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Der Kreis wird entlang der gesamten 3D-Polylinie extrudiert und folgt dabei allen Richtungswechseln.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Neben Extrusion und Sweep bietet AutoCAD weitere Methoden zur Erzeugung von Volumenk\u00f6rpern:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
F\u00fcr die t\u00e4gliche Arbeit in AutoCAD Civil 3D sind vor allem Extrusion und Sweep relevant, da sie in der Infrastrukturplanung am h\u00e4ufigsten ben\u00f6tigt werden. F\u00fcr reine 3D-Visualisierung gibt es dar\u00fcber hinaus 3D-Netze und Vielfl\u00e4chennetze, die in spezialisierten Kursen vertieft werden.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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